Refactor the entropy coder.

This unifies the byte buffer, encoder, and decoder into a single
 struct.
The common encoder and decoder functions (such as ec_tell()) can
 operate on either one, simplifying code which uses both.
The precision argument to ec_tell() has been removed.
It now comes in two precisions:
  ec_tell() gives 1 bit precision in two operations, and
  ec_tell_frac() gives 1/8th bit precision in... somewhat more.
ec_{enc|dec}_bit_prob() were removed (they are no longer needed).
Some of the byte buffer access functions were made static and
 removed from the cross-module API.
All of the code in rangeenc.c and rangedec.c was merged into
 entenc.c and entdec.c, respectively, as we are no longer
 considering alternative backends.
rangeenc.c and rangede.c have been removed entirely.

This passes make check, after disabling the modes that we removed
 support for in cf5d3a8c.